Nitrogen migration and transformation in a saline-alkali paddy ecosystem with application of different nitrogen fertilizers

Wang, Xinyi, Wang, Mingming, Chen, Lei, Shutes, Brian, Yan, Baixing, Zhang, Fuman, Lyu, Jiao and Zhu, Hui ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0312-1281 (2023) Nitrogen migration and transformation in a saline-alkali paddy ecosystem with application of different nitrogen fertilizers. Environmental Science and Pollution Research . ISSN 0944-1344 [Article] (Published online first) (doi:10.1007/s11356-023-25984-9)

Abstract

With the increasing transformation of saline-alkali land into paddy, the nitrogen (N) loss in saline-alkali paddy fields becomes an urgent agricultural-environmental problem. However, N migration and transformation following the application of different N fertilizers in saline-alkali paddy fields remains unclear. In this study, four types of N fertilizers were tested to explore the N migration and transformation among water-soil-gas-plant media in saline-alkali paddy ecosystems. Based on the structural equation models, N fertilizer types can change the effects of electrical conductivity (EC), pH, and ammonia-N (NH -N) of surface water and/or soil on ammonia (NH ) volatilization and nitrous oxide (N O) emission. Compared with urea (U), the application of urea with urease-nitrification inhibitors (UI) can reduce the potential risk of NH -N and nitrate-N (NO -N) loss via runoff, and significantly (p < 0.05) reduce the N O emission. However, the expected effectiveness of UI on NH volatilization control and total N (TN) uptake capacity of rice was not achieved. For organic-inorganic compound fertilizer (OCF) and carbon-based slow-release fertilizer (CSF), the average TN concentrations in surface water at panicle initiation fertilizer (PIF) stage were reduced by 45.97% and 38.63%, respectively, and the TN contents in aboveground crops were increased by 15.62% and 23.91%. The cumulative N O emissions by the end of the entire rice-growing season were also decreased by 103.62% and 36.69%, respectively. Overall, both OCF and CSF are beneficial for controlling N O emission and the potential risks of N loss via runoff caused by surface water discharge, and improving the TN uptake capacity of rice in saline-alkali paddy fields.
[Abstract copyright: © 2023. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.]

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