Measurement invariance testing of the patient health questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) across people with and without diabetes mellitus from the NHANES, EHMS and UK Biobank datasets
Nouwen, Arie ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0609-4082, Deschenes, Sonia S., Balkhiyarova, Zhanna, Albertorio-Diaz, Juan R., Prokopenko, Inga and Schmitz, Norbert
(2021)
Measurement invariance testing of the patient health questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) across people with and without diabetes mellitus from the NHANES, EHMS and UK Biobank datasets.
Journal of Affective Disorders, 292
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pp. 311-318.
ISSN 0165-0327
[Article]
(doi:10.1016/j.jad.2021.05.031)
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Abstract
Background: The prevalence of depression is higher among those with diabetes than in the general population. The Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) is commonly used to assess depression in people with diabetes, but measurement invariance of the PHQ-9 across groups of people with and without diabetes has not yet been investigated.
Methods: Data from three independent cohorts from the USA (n=1,886 with diabetes, n=4,153 without diabetes), Quebec, Canada (n= 800 with diabetes, n= 2,411 without diabetes), and the UK (n=4,981 with diabetes, n=145,570 without diabetes), were used to examine measurement invariance between adults with and without diabetes. A series of multiple group confirmatory factor analyses were performed, with increasingly stringent model constraints applied to assess configural, equal thresholds, and equal thresholds and loadings invariance, respectively. One-factor and two-factor (somatic and cognitive-affective items) models were examined.
Results: Results demonstrated that the most stringent models, testing equal loadings and thresholds, had satisfactory model fit in the three cohorts for one-factor models (RMSEA = .063 or below and CFI = .978 or above) and two-factor models (RMSEA = .042 or below and CFI = .989 or above).
Limitations: Data were from Western countries only and we could not distinguish between type of diabetes.
Conclusions: Results provide support for measurement invariance between groups of people with and without diabetes, using either a one-factor or a two-factor model. While the two-factor solution has a slightly better fit, the one-factor solution is more parsimonious. Depending on research or clinical needs, both factor structures can be used.
Item Type: | Article |
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Research Areas: | A. > School of Science and Technology > Psychology |
Item ID: | 33424 |
Notes on copyright: | © 2021 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
Useful Links: | |
Depositing User: | Arie Nouwen |
Date Deposited: | 18 Jun 2021 08:24 |
Last Modified: | 18 Jan 2022 17:29 |
URI: | https://eprints.mdx.ac.uk/id/eprint/33424 |
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