Detection of the tau protein in human serum by a sensitive four-electrode electrochemical biosensor

Wang, Scarlet Xiaoyan, Acha, Desiree, Shah, Ajit J. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2350-6384, Hills, Frank ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8235-7545, Roitt, Ivan, Demosthenous, Andreas and Bayford, Richard ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8863-6385 (2017) Detection of the tau protein in human serum by a sensitive four-electrode electrochemical biosensor. Biosensors and Bioelectronics, 92 . pp. 482-488. ISSN 0956-5663 [Article] (doi:10.1016/j.bios.2016.10.077)

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Abstract

This study presents a novel approach based on a four-electrode electrochemical biosensor for the detection of tau protein – one of the possible markers for the prediction of Alzheimer's disease (AD). The biosensor is based on the formation of stable antibody–antigen complexes on gold microband electrodes covered with a layer of a self-assembled monolayer and protein G. Antibodies were immobilized on the gold electrode surface in an optimal orientation by protein G interaction. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy was used to analyze impedance change, which revealed a linear response with increasing tau concentrations. The assay is fast (<1 h for incubation and measurement) and very sensitive. The limit of quantification for the full-length 2N4R tau protein is 0.03 pM, a value unaltered when the assay was processed in bovine serum albumin or human serum. This technology could be adapted for the detection of other biomarkers to provide a multiple assay to identify AD progression in a point of care setting.

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