An effect of age on implicit memory that is not due to explicit contamination: implications for single and multiple-systems theories

Ward, Emma V. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2076-832X, Berry, Christopher J. and Shanks, David R. (2013) An effect of age on implicit memory that is not due to explicit contamination: implications for single and multiple-systems theories. Psychology and Aging, 28 (2) . pp. 429-442. ISSN 0882-7974 [Article] (doi:10.1037/a0031888)

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Abstract

Recognition memory is typically weaker in healthy older relative to young adults, while performance on implicit tests (e.g., repetition priming) is often comparable between groups. Such observations are commonly taken as evidence for independent explicit and implicit memory systems. On a picture version of the continuous identification with recognition (CID-R) task, we found a reliable age-related reduction in recognition memory, while the age effect on priming did not reach statistical significance (Experiment 1). This pattern was consistent with the predictions of a formal single-system model. Experiment 2 replicated these observations using separate priming (continuous identification; CID) and recognition phases, while a combined data analysis revealed a significant effect of age on priming. In Experiment 3, we provide evidence that priming in this task is unaffected by explicit processing, and we conclude that the age difference in priming is unlikely to have been driven by differences in explicit processing between groups of young and older adults (“explicit contamination”). The results support the view that explicit and implicit expressions of memory are driven by a single underlying memory system.

Item Type:	Article
Research Areas:	A. > School of Science and Technology > Psychology
Item ID:	12940
Useful Links:	Middlesex University Expert Profile Publisher
Depositing User:	Emma Ward
Date Deposited:	13 Jan 2014 08:09
Last Modified:	30 Nov 2022 00:10
URI:	https://eprints.mdx.ac.uk/id/eprint/12940

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